This lets blood flow into the ventricles and atria at alternate times. Here is a step-by-step description of how the valves work normally in the left ventricle:. When the left ventricle relaxes, the aortic valve closes and the mitral valve opens. This lets blood flow from the left atrium into the left ventricle. The left atrium contracts.
This lets even more blood to flow into the left ventricle. When the left ventricle contracts, the mitral valve closes and the aortic valve opens. This is so blood flows into the aorta and out to the rest of the body. While the left ventricle is relaxing, the right ventricle also relaxes.
This causes the pulmonary valve to close and the tricuspid valve to open. This lets blood flow into the right ventricle that was returned to the right atrium from the body. When the left ventricle contracts, the right ventricle also contracts. This causes the pulmonary valve to open and the tricuspid valve to close.
Blood flows out from the right ventricle to the lungs before it is returned to the left atrium as fresh, oxygenated blood. Regurgitation is a leaky valve. Separates the right ventricle from the pulmonary artery. Opens to allow blood to be pumped from the right ventricle to the lungs through the pulmonary artery where it will receive oxygen.
Prevents the back flow of blood from the pulmonary artery to the right ventricle. Related valve problems include: pulmonary valve stenosis , pulmonary valve regurgitation Mitral Valve Has two leaflets. Separates the top left chamber left atrium from the bottom left chamber left ventricle. Opens to allow blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle.
Prevents the back flow of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium. Related valve problems include: mitral valve prolapse , mitral valve regurgitation , mitral valve stenosis Aortic Valve Has three leaflets, unless it's abnormal from birth, i. Separates the left ventricle from the aorta.
Opens to allow blood to leave the heart from the left ventricle through the aorta and the body. PMID: pubmed. Rosengart TK, Anand J. Acquired heart disease: valvular. Sabiston Textbook of Surgery. Updated by: Mary C. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Editorial team. Heart valve surgery.
Heart valve surgery is used to repair or replace diseased heart valves. There are 4 valves in your heart: Aortic valve Mitral valve Tricuspid valve Pulmonic valve The aortic valve is the most common valve to be replaced. Several different techniques are used: Percutaneous surgery through the skin Robot-assisted surgery If your surgeon can repair your mitral valve, you may have: Ring annuloplasty. The surgeon repairs the ring-like part around the valve by sewing a ring of plastic, cloth, or tissue around the valve.
Valve repair. The surgeon trims, shapes, or rebuilds one or more of the leaflets of the valve. The leaflets are flaps that open and close the valve. Valve repair is best for the mitral and tricuspid valves. The aortic valve is usually not repaired. The main types of new valves are: Mechanical -- made of man-made materials, such as metal stainless steel or titanium or ceramic.
These valves last the longest, but you will need to take blood-thinning medicine, such as warfarin Coumadin or aspirin, for the rest of your life. Biological -- made of human or animal tissue. These valves last 12 to 15 years, but you may not need to take blood thinners for life. Related topics include: Aortic valve surgery - minimally invasive Aortic valve surgery - open Mitral valve surgery - minimally invasive Mitral valve surgery - open.
Why the Procedure is Performed. All four valves open and close to help move blood from one area to another. Two of the valves, the mitral and the tricuspid valves, move blood from the upper chambers of the heart the atria to the lower chambers of the heart the ventricles. The other two valves, the aortic and pulmonary valves, move blood to the lungs and the rest of the body through the ventricles. When the heart valves open and close, they create sounds we know as our heartbeat.
Here is an overview of circulation through the heart: First, blood returns from the body to the right atrium. This blood has been depleted of oxygen when the oxygen was delivered to the body tissues, so it is seeking more oxygen to keep the process going. The right atrium, now full of oxygen-depleted blood, pumps the blood through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle.
Then the right ventricle contracts to pump blood through the pulmonary valve into the pulmonary artery.
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